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What are the reasons for abnormal temperature rise in ZLY450-20-1 hard tooth gear reducer

The causes of abnormal temperature rise in ZLY450-20-1 hard tooth gear reducer (usually normal operating temperature ≤ 80 ℃, exceeding this range or excessive temperature rise rate are all abnormal) can be investigated from four core factors: lubrication system, mechanical transmission, installation and operation, and environmental conditions. The specific reasons are as follows:

1、 Lubrication system issues (the most common cause)
1. Abnormal selection or status of lubricating oil

Mismatched viscosity of lubricating oil: The selected gear oil has a high viscosity (such as misusing N100 instead of recommended N68), which will increase oil stirring resistance and lead to increased frictional heat generation; If the viscosity is low, the oil film strength is insufficient, and the proportion of direct metal contact increases during tooth meshing, generating additional heat.

Deterioration of oil quality: After long-term use, lubricating oil undergoes oxidation and deterioration (blackening of oil color, appearance of oil sludge), mixing with water (emulsification whitening) or impurities (metal debris), which significantly reduces lubrication performance, increases friction coefficient, and reduces heat dissipation capacity.

Improper oil level: Excessive oil level will increase gear stirring resistance, and energy loss will be converted into heat; If the oil level is too low, an effective oil film cannot be formed, and the circulation heat dissipation is insufficient, resulting in local overheating.

2. Lubrication system cycle failure

Oil pump failure: The wear of the oil pump, gear jamming, or insufficient oil supply pressure in the forced lubrication type reducer can cause the lubricating oil to not be fully delivered to key lubrication points such as high-speed shafts and bearings, resulting in local dry friction.

Oil circuit blockage: Filter blockage, oil pipe bending, or accumulation of dirt in the oil passage can hinder the circulation of lubricating oil, resulting in insufficient oil supply to lubrication points and a decrease in heat dissipation efficiency.

2、 Abnormal mechanical transmission components
1. Gear meshing problem

Improper meshing clearance: When assembling, if the meshing clearance of the gear pair is too small (less than the design value of 0.2-0.3mm), it will lead to an increase in contact stress on the tooth surface and intensified frictional heat generation; If the gap is too large, it will generate impact loads, causing vibration and additional heat.

Tooth surface damage: Hard tooth surface gears may experience pitting, bonding, wear, or tooth breakage (especially high-speed gears), which can disrupt the normal meshing state, increase the friction area, and cause uneven stress, resulting in a sudden increase in local temperature.

Tooth orientation/tooth profile error: Processing or assembly errors can cause gear tooth orientation deviation and tooth profile distortion, resulting in displacement of the tooth contact area (such as edge contact), increased frictional force per unit area, and the generation of concentrated heat sources.
2. Bearing malfunction

Poor installation of bearings: The inner ring of the bearing is too tightly matched with the shaft, and the outer ring is too tightly matched with the bearing seat (excessive interference), which can cause an increase in friction resistance between the rolling elements and the raceway of the bearing; If the fit is too loose, relative sliding will occur, causing additional friction and heating.

Bearing wear or damage: If the bearing raceway, rolling elements peel off, crack or the cage breaks, it will cause a surge in operating resistance and a rapid increase in temperature (the temperature rise in the bearing area is usually 10-15 ℃ higher than that in the housing).

Insufficient lubrication of bearings: Insufficient filling of lubricating grease in the bearing chamber (less than 1/3 of the chamber volume) or deterioration and hardening of the lubricating grease will result in loss of lubrication and dry friction

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